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1.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 27(3): 346-352, May-June 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-898673

ABSTRACT

Abstract In a previous study, we reported the antispasmodic and gastroprotective effects of the Serjania caracasana (Jacq.) Willd., Sapindaceae, extract. In the present study, we evaluated the LD50, hemolytic and antispasmodic activities of its fractions and characterized its major constituents by isolation and GC-MS. The animals showed non-toxic symptoms with oral doses up to 2000 mg/kg, suggesting a safe oral administration. Furthermore, a low hemolytic activity was detected for the saponin fraction. Antispasmodic activity of the fractions was evaluated through carbachol-induced contractions in rat ileum. The hexane fraction was the most potent (IC50 68.4 ± 5.9 µg/ml) followed by the dichloromethane fraction (IC50 161.3.4 ± 40.7 µg/ml). Butanol fraction was the less effective (IC50 219.8 ± 60.3 µg/ml). The phytochemical study of the S. caracasana fractions afforded the isolation of friedelin, β-amyrin, allantoin and quercitrin. This is the first time that the presence of allantoin and quercitrin in the Serjania genus has been reported. Among the isolated compounds and those characterized by GC-MS, β-amyrin and β-sitosterol were present in the most active fractions, hexane and dichloromethane, and they may be related to its antispasmodic activity. In addition, spathulenol was only found in the hexane fraction and its presence might justify the highest antispasmodic activity observed for this fraction.

2.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 27(1): 77-83, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-843786

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Annona hypoglauca Mart., Annonaceae, popularly known as “beribá”, was collected in flooded areas of the Amazonian Rain Forest. The crude extract obtained from this species was found to be cytotoxic against human cancer cells. Chemical information on A. hypoglauca is scarce. So, the present work aimed the isolation and identification of its alkaloids and to test their cytotoxic activity. Alkaloids were obtained from stem by acid–base partitioning and the remaining alkaloid-free extract was partitioned with organic solvents. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry GC/MS analysis of total alkaloids allowed the identification of four aporphine alkaloids: actinodaphnine, anonaine, isoboldine and nornuciferine. Total alkaloids were fractionated by column chromatography and were purified by preparative thin-layer-chromatography, which allowed the isolation of two aporphine alkaloids, actinodaphnine and isoboldine, characterized by NMR and CG–MS analyses. This is the first report for the occurrence of actinodaphnine in Annona species. All the samples were tested in cytotoxic and antibacterial assays. Total alkaloid extract and its fractions showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. In the cytotoxicity assay, the crude extract showed a lethal effect against breast and colon cancer cells. Isoboldine-containing FA5 and actinodaphnine-containing FA6 showed activity against breast cancer cell line, while the alkaloid-free fractions did not show significant activity against cancer cell lines.

3.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 25(4): 407-412, July-Aug. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-763213

ABSTRACT

AbstractPassiflora alata Curtis, Passifloraceae, is a liana popularly known in Brazil as ‘maracujá-doce’ that has been used for treating different illnesses. Its leaves are described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia, but the gastroprotective activity has never been investigated. In the present study a freeze-dried crude 60% ethanol–water extract of P. alata aerial parts was prepared. Total flavonoid content, expressed as vitexin, was 0.67% ± 0.01. The hemolytic activity was 32 units for P. alata, using Saponin (Merck®) as reference. P. alata presented EC50 of 1061.2 ± 8.5 µg/ml in the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl assay and 1076 ± 85 µmol Trolox/g in the Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity assay. P. alata, its solvent fractions and a P. alatananopreparation were investigated for gastroprotective activity. The test samples exhibited gastroprotective activity on HCl/ethanol induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. P. alata at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, using the necrotizing agent at 150 mmol/l, inhibited 100% of ulcer formation (compared to the negative control), while lansoprazole (30 mg/kg) 77%. When tested against a more concentrated necrotizing agent (300 mmol/l), fractions of P. alata at 100 mg/kg reduced 57% (n-hexane), 34% (ethyl acetate) and 72% (aqueous fraction) the ulcer formation. In this assay, lansoprazole (30 mg/kg) inhibited 47%. When encapsulated, P. alata inhibited ulcer formation at 55%, 94% and 90% for dosages of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg. These results suggest the potential use of P. alata as a gastroprotective herbal medicine.

4.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 12(3): 243-256, mayo 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723571

ABSTRACT

“Mulungu” (Erythrina verna Vell., Fabaceae.) is an arboreal specie native to southeastern Brazil, used for medicinal purposes. This plant is characterized by the presence of alkaloids that have demonstrated anxiolytic activity. Due to this activity, this plant is listed by the Brazilian National Program of Medicinal Plants and Herbal Medicines. However, bibliographic information is lacking regarding this species. This study aims to describe E. verna barks, macro and microscopically, as well as some physicochemical parameters for the quality control of its raw material. In addition, the chromatographic profile of its alkaloid fraction and optimization of extraction methods for crude extract production has also been performed.


“Mulungu” (Erythrina verna Vell., Fabaceae.) es una especie arborea nativa del sudeste de Brasil, utilizada con fines medicinales. Esta planta se caracteriza por la presencia de alcaloides que han demostrado actividad ansiolítica. Debido a esta actividad, esta planta se encuentra en la lista del Programa Nacional Brasileño de las Plantas Medicinales y Medicinas Herbarias. Sin embargo, la información bibliográfica es escasa con respecto a esta especie. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir E. Verna corteza, macro y microscópicamente, así como algunos parámetros físico-químicos para el control de la calidad de la materia prima fresca. Además, el perfil cromatográfico de la fracción alcaloidica y la optimización de métodos de extracción para la producción de extracto crudo también fue realizada.


Subject(s)
Alkaloids/chemistry , Erythrina/anatomy & histology , Erythrina/chemistry , Brazil , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Erythrina/ultrastructure , Plants, Medicinal , Quality Control
5.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 22(2): 374-380, Mar.-Apr. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-624662

ABSTRACT

Conchocarpus fontanesianus (A. St.-Hill.) Kallunki & Pirani, Rutaceae, popularly known as pitaguará, is a native and endemic tree from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro States, Brazil. Based in the information that anticholinesterasic derivatives could act as new prototypes to treatment of Alzheimer disease, this work describes the fractionation guided by evaluation of the anticholinesterase activity of the ethanolic stems extract from C. fontanesianus. This procedure afforded the alkaloids dictamnine (1), γ-fagarine (2), skimianine (3), and 2-phenyl-1-methyl-4-quinolone (4), as well as the coumarin marmesin (5).

6.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 21(1)jan.-fev. 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-580329

ABSTRACT

The essential oil of the leaves from Annona coriacea Mart., Annonaceae, was extracted by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID. The oil yield was 0.05 percent m/m. Sixty compounds were identified, in a complex mixture of sesquiterpenes (76.7 percent), monoterpenes (20.0 percent) and other constituents (3.3 percent). Bicyclogermacrene was its major compound (39.8 percent) followed by other sesquiterpenes. Most of the monoterpenes were in low concentration (<1 percent). Only β-pinene and pseudolimonene presented the highest level of 1.6 percent. The volatile oil presented anti-leishmanial and trypanocidal activity against promastigotes of four species of Leishmania and trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, showing to be more active against Leishmania (L.) chagasi (IC50 39.93 µ g/mL) (95 percent CI 28.00-56.95 µ g/mL).

7.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 20(2): 175-179, Apr.-May 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-550012

ABSTRACT

The chemical composition of volatile oils from two Myrtaceae species, Myrceugenia myrcioidesand Eugenia riedeliana, both native from the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, was analyzed by GC-MS. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity was colorimetrically evaluated for these oils. For M. myrcioides, monoterpene hydrocarbons represented the major class in the volatile oil, with α-pinene as the most abundant component and a weak inhibitory activity was observed, whilst for E. riedeliana sesquiterpenes were found in higher amounts, being valerianol the major compound, and this oil presented a strong acetylcholinesterase inhibition.


A composição química dos óleos voláteis de duas espécies de Myrtaceae, Myrceugenia myrcioidese Eugenia riedeliana, ambas nativas da Mata Atlântica, foi analisada por CG-EM. A atividade inibidora de acetilcolinesterase foi determinada colorimetricamente para estes óleos. Em M. myrcioides, hidrocarbonetos monoterpênicos representaram a classe majoritária de compostos presentes no óleo volátil, sendo α-pineno o componente mais abundante e a atividade inibidora de acetilcolinesterase foi baixa, enquanto para E. riedelianaos sesquiterpenos foram observados em maiores concentrações, sendo o valerianol o componente majoritário, e este óleo apresentou uma forte atividade inibidora da enzima.

8.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 19(2b): 626-631, abr.-jun. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-531834

ABSTRACT

A necessidade da introdução de novos agentes quimioterápicos é uma realidade no controle de doenças infecciosas. O Brasil é o país mais rico em biodiversidade, e o Laboratório de Extração da Universidade Paulista tem coletado plantas na Amazônia e Mata Atlântica com a finalidade de identificar extratos vegetais antibacterianos e antitumorais. Estudos prévios demonstraram que a fração etanólica obtida do extrato bruto orgânico do caule de Tabernaemontana angulata Mart. ex Müll. Arg. apresentou atividade antimicrobiana significante contra Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, no ensaio de diluição em caldo. Verificou-se por cromatografia em camada delgada que os compostos majoritários presentes na fração ativa eram alcalóides. No presente trabalho, foi obtida a fração de alcalóides totais a partir do extrato bruto, da qual os compostos majoritários foram isolados por sucessivas cromatografias e, posteriormente, identificados por CG-EM e ¹H-RMN como os alcalóides indólicos coronaridina e voacangina. As frações obtidas do isolamento foram testadas no ensaio biológico, porém não demonstraram atividade antimicrobiana.


Introducing new chemotherapeutic agents is a great demand in the control of infectious diseases. Brazil is one of the richest countries in biodiversity and the Laboratório de Extração at UNIP has been collecting plants from the Amazon and Atlantic Rain Forests with the aim of screening for new antibacterial and antitumor plant extracts. Previous studies demonstrated that the ethanol fraction obtained from the crude extract of Tabernaemontana angulata stems showed an antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) in the microdilution broth assay. Two alkaloids were the major compounds in the active fraction, verified by thin layer chromatography analysis. In the present study, the total alkaloids were obtained from the crude extract and were fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography for the isolation of the main components. The isolated compounds were identified by GC/MS and ¹H-NMR as coronaridine and voacangine. The alkaloid fractions obtained from the isolation procedure were tested for antibacterial activity, but no activity was detected.

9.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 17(3): 361-367, jul.-set. 2007. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-465475

ABSTRACT

Cissus verticillata L. (Vitaceae) tem sido empregada popularmente como anti-diabética. Nessa espécie foi também detectada atividade fungitóxica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi realizar a identificação dos compostos fungitóxicos em extratos de folhas. O extrato etanólico foi submetido a fracionamento com solventes de diferentes polaridades (hexano, clorofórmio, acetato de etila e butanol) e seu efeito antifúngico foi analisado frente a Cladosporium sphaerospermum. Os extratos em clorofórmio e acetato de etila mostraram atividade, e foram fracionados por cromatografia em coluna e cromatografia preparativa em placas de sílica, respectivamente. Três terpenóides foram isolados do extrato em clorofórmio; um deles foi identificado, por análise em CG-EM, como um sesquiterpeno, o biciclogermacreno. O composto ativo do extrato em acetato de etila foi identificado, por análises em CLAE, como o estilbeno resveratrol.


Cissus verticillata L. (Vitaceae) is popularly employed as hypoglicemic and it shows fungitoxic activity. This work aims at identification of fungitoxic compounds on extracts of leaves. The ethanol extract was partitioned using solvents of different polarities (hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol) and its fungitoxic activity was analysed upon Cladosporium sphaerospermum. The chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts showed activity and they were fractionated by column chromatography and preparative TLC, respectively. Three terpenoids were isolated from the chloroform extract, one of them identified by GLC-MS analysis as sesquiterpene bicyclogermacrene. The active compound of the ethyl acetate extract was identified by HPLC analyses as stilbene resveratrol.


Subject(s)
Cissus , Sesquiterpenes , Stilbenes , Vitaceae
10.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 83(5): 373-384, nov. 2004. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-387186

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca isquêmica podem ser beneficiados com a cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio. Foram estudadas as variáveis histopatológicas que estariam associadas à melhora da fração de ejeção seis meses após a cirurgia. MÉTODOS: Em 24 pacientes estudados com indicação de cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio, fração de ejeção < 35 por cento, classe funcional de insuficiência cardíaca II-IV e idades entre 59 ± 9 anos, foram realizadas biópsias endomiocárdicas no transoperatório e seis meses após. Extensão de fibrose, número de células apresentando miocitólise e hipertrofia da fibra muscular foram quantificados por um sistema analisador de imagem. Revisão clínica e funcional foi repetida em seis meses. RESULTADOS: Houve melhora significativa da classe funcional de insuficiência cardíaca em 16 pacientes após os seis meses de acompanhamento (classe NYHA 2,8± 0,7 para 1,7±0,6; p <0,001), enquanto a fração de ejeção não se alterou (25 ± 6 por cento vs. 26 ± 10 por cento). Hipertrofia da fibra muscular foi similar nos espécimes biopsiados no pré e no pós operatório (21±4 vs. 22±4 µm), enquanto que a extensão de fibrose (8±8 vs. 21±15 por cento área) e células apresentando miocitólise (9±11 vs. 21±15 por cento cel) aumentaram significativamente. No entanto, a composição de um escore histológico, combinando as três variáveis, indicou maior incremento na função ventricular naqueles que apresentavam menor grau de alterações histopatológicas no pré-operatório. CONCLUSAO: Portadores de miocardiopatia isquêmica, submetidos à revascularização do miocárdio, apresentaram melhora da função ventricular quando as alterações histopatológicas adversas do pré-operatório foram de menor grau.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Coronary Artery Bypass , Cardiac Output, Low/surgery , Myocardial Ischemia/surgery , Myocardium/pathology , Stroke Volume , Ventricular Function , Biopsy , Cardiac Output, Low/pathology , Cardiac Output, Low/physiopathology , Follow-Up Studies , Myocardial Ischemia/pathology , Myocardial Ischemia/physiopathology , Postoperative Period , Radionuclide Ventriculography
11.
RBCF, Rev. bras. ciênc. farm. (Impr.) ; 40(2): 115-137, abr.-jun. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-391019

ABSTRACT

Pilocarpus species have been exploited as the only source of the imidazole alkaloid pilocarpine (used in glaucoma treatment), since its isolation up to the present. Almost all Pilocarpus species are native from Brazil. Because of the medicinal importance of pilocarpine, several of them are in the path of extinction. Other secondary metabolites, such as coumarins, flavonoids and terpenes, were described for Pilocarpus species. In this review the secondary metabolites, other than pilocarpine, isolated from Pilocarpus species and their biological activities were compiled. Although the variety of structures and the importance of the biological activities described in literature for Pilocarpus species this is an unexploited field of research in Natural Products and Pharmacology


Subject(s)
Alkaloids , Pilocarpine , Plants, Medicinal , Terpenes , Biological Factors , Conservation of Natural Resources , Endangered Species
12.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 18(2): 142-147, abr.-jun. 2003. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-364232

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar a induçäo de angiogênese miocárdica pela injeçäo transmural de plasmídeo VEGF 165 (Genentech/ USA) em zonas do infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) de cäes, mediante avaliaçäo por cintilografia miocárdica e estudo histológico. MÉTODOS: Em onze cäes anestesiados o coraçäo foi abordado em toracotomia antero-lateral esquerda e produzido IAM pela ligadura simples de ramo diagonal da artéria coronária descendente anterior. Em cada de 10 pontos selecionados da área infartada e sua periferia foi realizada a injeçäo de um total de 1 ml de soluçäo salina (grupo controle: cinco cäes) ou de soluçäo contendo plasmídeo VEGF 165 na concentraçäo de 200 ug/ml (grupo tratado: seis cäes). Os animais foram recuperados e realizada cintilografia miocárdica com Tecnécio imediatamente e 14 dias após IAM. Os animais foram sacrificados e o coraçäo retirado para estudo histológico da área de infarto, de sua periferia e de área da parede ventricular posterior, visando contagem eletrônica de capilares e arteríolas. RESULTADOS: Cintilografia mostrou modificações na perfusäo miocárdica comparáveis entre os grupos quanto ao estudo imediato e 15 dias após IAM, sendo que os dois grupos mostraram uma recuperaçäo de 70 a 90 % da hipoperfusäo demonstrada no 1o exame. O estudo histológico da área de transiçäo do IAM revelou um maior número de vasos no grupo tratado em relaçäo ao grupo controle (média de 123,81 + 21,48 e 40 + 6,13, respectivamente; p <0,01). Este crescimento do número de vasos é atribuível principalmente ao aumento do número de capilares (97,5 + 16,04 no grupo tratado e 22,18 + 3,25 no grupo controle, p < 0,01), sendo que em relaçäo ao número de arteríolas o aumento näo foi significativo (25,16 + 10,89 e 16,8 + 4,75; NS). A comparaçäo entre a regiäo de transiçäo do IAM do grupo tratado e de área normal, revelou um maior número de vasos na regiäo tratada, ainda que a diferença näo fosse significativa (respectivamente 123,81 + 21,48 e 95,14 + 41,19, p > 0,05). CONCLUSÕES: Injeçäo transmural de plasmídeo VEGF 165 resultou em significativo aumento no número de capilares na zona de transiçäo do IAM experimental. O aumento de capilares pela terapia gênica tem presumível efeito benéfico na reduçäo e recuperaçäo da área isquêmica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Coronary Disease , Myocardial Infarction , Neovascularization, Pathologic , Radionuclide Imaging
13.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 79(3): 223-232, Sept. 2002. ilus
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-321665

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the transfection of the gene that encodes green fluorescent protein (GFP) through direct intramyocardial injection. METHODS: The pREGFP plasmid vector was used. The EGFP gene was inserted downstream from the constitutive promoter of the Rous sarcoma virus. Five male dogs were used (mean weight 13.5 kg), in which 0.5 mL of saline solution (n=1) or 0.5 mL of plasmid solution containing 0.5 æg of pREGFP/dog (n=4) were injected into the myocardium of the left ventricular lateral wall. The dogs were euthanized 1 week later, and cardiac biopsies were obtained. RESULTS: Fluorescence microscopy showed differences between the cells transfected and not transfected with pREGFP plasmid. Mild fluorescence was observed in the cardiac fibers that received saline solution; however, the myocardial cells transfected with pREGFP had overt EGFP expression. CONCLUSION: Transfection with the EGFP gene in healthy canine myocardium was effective. The reproduction of this efficacy using vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) instead of EGFP aims at developing gene therapy for ischemic heart disease


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Dogs , Genetic Therapy , Luminescent Proteins , Models, Genetic , Myocardial Ischemia , Myocardium , Transfection , Genetic Vectors , Indicators and Reagents
14.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 78(4): 374-381, Apr. 2002. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-306441

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To assess the occurrence of late thromboembolism after surgical repair of chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) simultaneously with repair of mitral valve using the Cox-Maze procedure. METHODS: 69 patients underwent Cox 3 procedure, with no cryoablation simultaneously with mitral valvuloplasty or prosthesis. Mean age was 49.9±13.2 years. Mean follow-up was of 31.7±19 months. Types of lesion were as follows: 33 (48 percent) stenoses, 23 (33 percent) insufficiencies, and 13 (19 percent) double lesions. Procedures were: 64 (93 percent) valvuloplasties, 3 (4 percent) biological and 2 (3 percent) mechanical prosthesis placement. There were 9 (13 percent) patients with previous systemic embolism and 2 (3 percent) had left atrial thrombi. RESULTS: Early mortality was 7 percent and late 1 percent. 2 patients (3 percent) were reoperated for mitral placement. At last evaluation, 10 patients (15 percent), were in AF. The remaining 59 (85 percent) were either in sinus / atrial rythm (74 percent) or under pacing (12 percent). There were no occurrence of early or late, systemic or pulmonary embolism. Permanent anticoagulation was employed in 16 cases, 10 in regular rythm and 6 in AF. The remaining 47 (75 percent), 2 in AF and 45 in regular rythm, did not receive anticoagulants. CONCLUSIONS: These results are in accordance with others series, where the occurrence of embolism was rare after maze procedure. Permanent systemic anticoagulation seems to be unnecessary in those cases


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation , Heart Valve Diseases , Mitral Valve , Postoperative Complications , Thromboembolism , Atrial Fibrillation , Brazil , Chronic Disease , Heart Valve Diseases , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies
15.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 15(2): 129-35, abr.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-267953

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Fibrilação atrial tem sido tratada pelo procedimento do Labirinto (Cox) e suas modificações. Há, no entanto, evidências de que o isolamento dos óstios das veias pulmonares ou exclusão do átrio esquerdo poderia ser eficaz para este fim. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: Avaliamos os resultados iniciais da técnica simplificada de isolamento cirúrgico dos óstios das veias pulmonares para tratar fibrilação atrial crônica em pacientes operados por lesão valvar mitral. Foram tratados 7 pacientes por esta técnica (grupo IVP) e comparados com série prévia de 57 casos submetidos a cirurgia do Labirinto (Cox 3). RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 49 + ou - 8 anos vs 49 + ou -11 anos, (IVP vs. Cox3), sendo 71 por cento e 72 por cento (IVP vs. Cox 3) do sexo feminino. Dimensões do átrio esquerdo 5,5 + ou -0,7 cm vs. 6,0 + ou -1,1 cm (IVP vs. Cox 3). Fração de ejeção ventricular 63 + ou -10 por cento vs. 64 + ou -6 por cento (IVP vs. Cox 3). Tempo CEC 91 + ou -33 min vs. 104 + ou - 29 min (IVP vs. Cox 3). Tempo de isquemia 71 + ou - 23 min vs. 83 + ou - 26 min (IVP vs. Cox 3). Ritmo pós-operátório sinusal/atrial n(por cento): 6(86) vs. 46(80) (IVP vs. Cox 3). Ritmo marcapasso n(por cento):1 (14) vs. 4 (7) (IVP vs. Cox 3). Fibrilação atrial n( por cento): 0 vs. 7 (13) (IVP vs. Cox 3). CONCLUSÕES: Resultados iniciais mostram reversão a ritmo sinusal na maioria dos casos em ambos procedimentos e manutenção do ritmo a longo prazo. Foi iniciado estudo prospectivo randomizado para avaliar o IVP comparativamente ao procedimento Cox 3.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/etiology , Mitral Valve/pathology , Mitral Valve/surgery , Chronic Disease , Pulmonary Veins/surgery
16.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 14(3): 191-9, jul.-set. 1999.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-247062

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Comparar resultados da correção de Fibrilação Atrial (FA) Crônica em Doença Mitral Reumática (R) ou Degenerativa (D) a curto e médio prazos. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODOS: De 1994 a 1997, 57 pacientes foram submetidos à Cirurgia do Labirinto e correção mitral. Oito (20 por cento) reumáticos eram do sexo masculino; 32 (80 por cento) feminino. Dos degenerativos 8 (47 por cento) eram do sexo masculino; 9 (53 por cento) femininos, (NS). Idade 47 / 11 anos R; 54 / 17 D (0,05). Diâmetro do AE: 6,1 / 1,1 cm R e 5,9 / 1,2 D, (NS). RESULTADOS: Óbitos: 1 (2,5 por cento) imediato em R; 2 (12 por cento) hospitalares e 1 (7 por cento) tardio em D (NS). Implante de marcapasso (MP) em 4 (10 por cento) R e 2 (17 por cento) D (NS). Tempos de isquemia: 63 / 16 min R; 63 / 15 min D, (NS). Circulação extracorpórea: 92 / 19 min R e 96 / 23 min D, (NS). Na alta hospitalar: 3 (10 por cento) R e nenhum D recebiam medicação antiarrítmica, (NS); 9 (23 por cento) R e 3 (20 por cento) D recebiam anticoagulantes (NS). Conversão a ritmo sinusal (RS) em 31 (80 por cento) do grupo R e em 12 (80 por cento) do D, (NS). Ritmo de MP em 4 (10 por cento) R, NS. FA incidiu em 4 (10 por cento) R e em 2 (13 por cento) D, (NS). Ritmo juncional em 1 (7 por cento) D, (NS). Na última avaliação: RS em 27 (71 por cento) R e 9 (75 por cento) D (NS). Ritmo de MP em 4 (10 por cento) R e 2 (17 por cento) D, (NS). FA em 6 (16 por cento) R e nenhum D, (NS).Taquicardia atrial paroxística em 1 (3 por cento) R e 1 (8 por cento) do grupo D, (NS). À ergometria, realizada em média de 16,2 / 11,1 meses PO por 24 (60 por cento) pacientes R e a 16,4 / 10,0 meses PO para 10 (59 por cento) degenerativos, 6 (25 por cento) R e 1 (10 por cento) D apresentaram RC adequada (NS). Em 3 (12,5 por cento) R e 6 (60 por cento) D foi considerada intermediária (p = 0,009). RC inadequada foi detectada em 15 (62,5 por cento) pacientes R e 3 (30 por cento) D- (p = 0,09). CONCLUSÃO: A etiologia R ou D não afeta a morbimortalidade e os benefícios aos pacientes com valvopatia mitral submetidos à Cirurgia do Labirinto e correção valvar. A recuperação do RS e a presença de arritmias no PO foi semelhante nos grupos. A resposta cronotrópica ao exercício tende a ser menor no grupo degenerativo


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Arrhythmia, Sinus/surgery , Rheumatic Heart Disease/surgery , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Chronic Disease , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 73(2): 139-48, ago. 1999. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-252833

ABSTRACT

Objective - Report clinical experience in surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) by Cox-maze procedure. Methods - 61 patients underwent surgical treatment for AF. Two had primary AF and 59 AF secondary to heart disease (2 atrial septal defects, 57 mitral). Ages ranged from 20 to 74 years (mean = 49). There were 44 females (72 per cent). The surgical technique employed was Cox 3 without cryoablation. The patients were follow-up in specific at patient clinics and underwent periodical ECG, exercise texts, echocardiogram and Holter monitoring. Results - In-hospital mortality was 4.9 per cent and late mortality 1.6 per cent. A temporary pacemaker was used in 28 (46 per cent) and a definitive in 7 patients (11.4 per cent). On hospital discharge, AF remained in 17 per cent; 63.9 per cent had sinus rhythm, 6.9 per cent atrial rhythm, and 10.3 per cent had pacemaker rhythm. In the last evaluattion, AF was present in 19.5 per cent; (70.5 per cent sinus rhythm, 4 per cent atrial rhythm, 2 per cent atrial tachycardia, and 4 per cent pacemaker rhythm). There was no report of thromboembolic episodes. Chronotropic response was considered adequate in 19 per cent, intermediate in 29 per cent, and inadequate in 42 per cent. In Holter monitoring, the mean heart rate was 82+8 bpm, with a minimum of 57+7 bpm and maximum of 126+23 bpm, with supraventricular extrasystoles in 2.3+5.5 per cent of the total hearbeats and ventricular extrasystoles in 0.8+0.5 per cent. In the echocardiogram, the A wave was present in the left atrium in 87.5 per cent. Conclusion - Maze procedure is effective and has acceptable surgical risk. Atrial or sinus rhythms remain stable with a small but remarkable frequency of atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Left atrial contraction is present, although attenuated, as well as the chronotropic response to exercise.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Chronic Disease , Heart Rate , Treatment Outcome
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